Pesticides in crop production : physiological and biochemical action

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Başlık:

Yazar:

Srivastava, Prabhat Kumar, 1983- editor.

ISBN:

9781119432234

9781119432241

9781119432203

Fiziksel Tanımlama:

1 online resource (xx, 292 pages) : illustrations (some color)

İçerik:

List of Contributors xiii Preface xix 1 Development of Pesticide Resistance in Pests: A Key Challenge to the Crop Protection and Environmental Safety 1; Subramani Pandian and Manikandan Ramesh 1.1 Resistance: The Introduction 1 1.2 Pesticide Resistance: A Global Analysis 2 1.3 Molecular Genetics and Biochemical Basis of Pesticide Resistance 2 1.4 Changes in Pesticide Binding Sites 2 1.5 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors 3 1.6 GABA Receptors and Other Ligand-gated Chloride Channels 4 1.7 Voltage-Dependent Sodium Channels 4 1.8 Insecticidal Microbial Toxins 5 1.9 Biotransformation 6 1.10 Acetylcholinesterase 6 1.11 Esterases 7 1.12 Carboxylesterases (B-Esterases) 7 1.13 Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases 8 1.14 Glutathione S-Transferases 8 1.15 Other Resistance Mechanisms 9 References 9 2 Fungicide Toxicity to Legumes and Its

Microbial Remediation: A Current Perspective 15; Mohammad Shahid, Mohammad Saghir Khan and Almas Zaidi 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 Nutritional Importance of Legumes 16 2.3 Fungal Diseases of Legumes: A General Perspective 17 2.4 Types of Fungicides and Their Mode of Action 17 2.5 Fungicides Uptake, Metabolism and Their Persistence 20 2.6 Phytotoxicity of Fungicides to Legumes: A General Perspective 21 2.7 Impact of Fungicides on Plant Growth 21 2.8 Effect on Symbiosis and Yield 23 2.9 Effect on Chlorophyll Content and Photosynthetic Rates 24 2.10 Fungicide Toxicity to Legume Rhizobium Symbiosis 25 2.10.1 Effect on Nodulation 25 2.10.2 Effect of Fungicides on Nitrogenase and Leghaemoglobin 25 2.10.3 Effect on Dry Biomass 26 2.11 Microbial Remediation of Fungicide Toxicity 26 2.12 Concluding Remarks 28 References 28 3 Pesticide Metabolism in Plants,

Insects, Soil Microbes and Fishes: An Overview 35; Anket Sharma, Vinod Kumar, Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli, Ravdeep Kaur, Tajinder Kaur, Saroj Arora,

Ashwani Kumar Thukral and Renu Bhardwaj 3.1 Introduction 35 3.2 Metabolism of Pesticides in Plants 36 3.3 Metabolism of Pesticides in Insects 39 3.4 Metabolism of Pesticides in Soil Microbes 41 3.5 Metabolism of Pesticides in Fishes 43 3.6 Conclusion 45 References 45 4 Bioaccumulation of Pesticides and Its Impact on Biological Systems 55; Shubhra Gupta and Kapil Gupta 4.1 Introduction 55 4.2 Dispersion of Pesticides into the Environment 56 4.3 Behavior of Pesticides in Soil 57 4.4 Bioaccumulation and Biomagnifications of Pesticide 58 4.4.1 Bioaccumulation of Pesticides in Plants 59 4.4.2 Bioaccumulation of Pesticides in Animals 60 4.4.3 Bioaccumulation of Pesticides in Human and Toxicity 61 4.5 Regulatory Activity 62 4.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 62 References 63 5 Impact of Pesticide Exposure and Associated

Health Effects 69; Jyoti Upadhayay, Mahendra Rana, Vijay Juyal,

Health Problems 80 5.6.1 Eye Problems 80 5.6.2 Respiratory Problems 80 5.6.3 Determination of Pollution Potential of Pesticides 80 5.7 Conclusion 81 References 82 6 Microbiome as Sensitive Markers for Risk Assessment of Pesticides 89; Upma Singh, Varsha Ashok Walvekar and Shilpi Sharma 6.1 Introduction 89 6.2 The Rhizosphere 90 6.3 Effect of Chemical Pesticides on Soil Microbial Communities 91 6.4 Effect of Pesticides on Plant Growth Parameters as a Result of Impact on Microbiome 95 6.5 Impact of Safer Alternatives,

Biological Pesticides 96 6.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 102 Acknowledgment 102 References 102 7 Arms Race between Insecticide and Insecticide Resistance and Evolution of Insect Management Strategies 109; Pritam Chattopadhyay and Goutam Banerjee 7.1 Introduction 109 7.2 Different Types of Insecticide 110 7.3 Different Types of Insecticide Resistance 116 7.3.1 Cross Insecticide Resistance 116 7.3.2 Multiple Insecticide Resistance 116 7.3.3 Stable Insecticide Resistance 116 7.3.4 Unstable Insecticide Resistance 116 7.4 Reasons for Insecticide Resistance 117 7.5 Mechanisms of Insecticide Resistance 118 7.5.1 Alterations in Insecticide Detoxification Capacity 118 7.5.2 Alteration of Toxin-Receptor Interactions 118 7.5.3 Alterations in Detoxification Metabolism 119 7.5.4 Alterations in Insecticide Penetration 119 7.5.5 Other Potential

7.8.3.1 Plant Immunity and Insect Resistance 124 7.8.4 Combining Known Insecticides in Appropriate Proportion 124 7.8.5 Modifying Known Insecticidal Toxins 125 7.9 Future Perspective 125 Acknowledgments 125 Conflict of Interest 125 References 126 8 Agricultural Herbicides and Fungi in Soil Exposed to Herbicides 131; Barberis Carla, Magnoli Carina, Carranza Cecilia,

Özet:

"Many scientists assert that use of chemical pesticides is unavoidable due to the need to feed a growing global population and diminishing agricultural land because of their usage in non-agrarian tasks. Others are against the use of chemical pesticides on environmental, and a third group advocates a balanced use of pesticides and advocate for integrated pest management. This book will extensively cover the diversity of pesticides used in modern agricultural practices, and the social and environmental issues pertaining to them. The impact of pesticides in plants, pesticide metabolism in soil microbes, plants and animals, bioaccumulation of pesticides, sensitiveness of microbiome towards pesticides and consequent risk assessment, development of pesticide resistance in pests, microbial remediation of pesticide intoxicated legumes, and pesticide toxicity amelioration in plants by plant hormones shall be dealt with. The impacts will be assessed from the morphological, anatomical, physiological and biochemical perspectives. This book also encompasses eco-friendly pest management, transgenic strategies to develop resistant plant against the pathogen and pest and impact of pesticide on food stuffs and human health. Analysis of pesticide by GC-MS/MS (Gas Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry) is a reliable method for the quantification and confirmation of multiclass pesticide residues in cabbage and cauliflower as case studies have been included"-- Provided by publisher

Notlar:

John Wiley and Sons

Konu Terimleri:

Pesticides -- Analysis.

Pesticides -- Environmental aspects.

Pesticides -- Toxicology.

Agricultural pests -- Control.

Pesticides -- Analyse.

Pesticides -- Toxicologie.

Ennemis des cultures -- Lutte contre.

Crop Science.

Agronomy.