Preface -- About the Companion Website -- Part I Introduction -- 1 Challenges and Perspectives of Applying Circular Economy in Business and Engineering 3 Juliano Araujo, Henning Hinderer, Tobias Viere, Jörg Woidasky -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Strategic Approach for CE Implementation -- 1.3 Comprehensive Evaluation of Business Circularity Readiness -- 1.4 Overview of Current Progress in Business Circularity -- 1.5 Innovation as a Key Driver for Business Circularity -- 1.6 Conclusion and Structure of This Book -- Part II Materials (Selection, Properties) -- 2 Aluminum Alloys, Recycling, and the Circular Economy 21 Robert Sanders, Wilhelm Kiefer -- 2.1 Introduction: The Importance of Recycling for the Aluminum Industry -- 2.2 Current State of the Circular Economy for Aluminum -- 2.3 Innovations in Scrap Processing Technologies -- 2.4 Summary and Conclusion -- 3 Circular Economy of Polymers -- Its Current State in Germany and Beyond 43 Maximilian Auer, Jannick Schmidt, Jörg Woidasky -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 State of the Art of Plastic Categories and Applications -- 3.3 Polymer Production in Europe and Germany -- 3.4 Polymer Waste in Europe and Germany -- 3.5 Lightweight Packaging Waste Collection Systems -- 3.6 Lightweight Packaging Sorting in Germany -- 3.7 Plastic Waste Recycling -- 3.8 Conclusion -- 4 Implementing Circular Value Creation in the Construction Sector 63 Franziska Struck, Celestin Stretz, Gotthard Walter, Dirk Klöpper, Sabine Flamme -- 4.1 Background -- 4.2 Challenges for the Implementation of Circular Value Creation in the Construction Sector -- 4.3 Approaches for Increasing Circular Value Creation in the Construction Sector -- 4.4 Outlook/Perspectives -- Part III Products (Design, Servitization) -- 5 Circular Process Implementation for Electric Drives -- Experiences and Examples 81 Jürgen Miller -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Environmentally Friendly Product Design: New Challenges -- 5.3 Closing the Loop -- Circular Return -- 5.4 Disassembly, Treatment, and Reuse -- 5.5 Industrial Examples -- 5.6 Conclusion and Outlook -- 6 Circularity in the Healthcare Industry 97 Marcel Kern, Jörg Woidasky -- 6.1 Current Challenges in the Healthcare Sector -- 6.2 Handling Clinical Waste -- 6.3 Waste Production in Hospitals -- 6.4 Medical Devices -- 6.5 Circular Economy in Medical Technology -- 6.6 Conclusion -- 7 Circular Economy Indicators for Product Design -- Calculation and Applicability 111 Paula Kuhn, Juliano Bezerra de Araujo, Annika Pruhs, Anina Kusch, Frank Bertagnolli, Tobias Viere -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Methodology -- 7.3 Results and Discussion -- 7.4 Conclusion and Perspectives -- 8 Makigami of an Industrial Product Development Process: Use of a Lean Methodology to Integrate Sustainable and Circular Product Design 133 Annika Pruhs, Anina Kusch, Frank Bertagnolli, Tobias Viere, Jörg Woidasky -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Analysis and Visualization Through the Makigami Methodology -- 8.3 Product Development Process in Practice -- 8.4 Current State: Recording of the PDP -- 8.5 Target State: Integration of the EDA into the PDP -- 8.6 Implementation of a Circularity-oriented PDP -- 8.7 Conclusion -- Part IV Technology (Production and Business Processes) -- 9 Single-stage Sorting and Marker Technology for a Circular Economy of Polymers 147 Guojun Gao, Dirk Wacker, Beate Kummer, Robin Just, Reiner Just, Markus Reisacher, Christof Strohhoefer, Jochen Moesslein -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Problems with Existing Conventional Sorting Technology -- 9.3 Sort4Circle® Innovations Compared to the Competition -- 9.4 Conclusion -- 10 Embracing Entomophagy: Insects as Catalysts for Sustainable Circular Economies 159 Gia Tien Ngo -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Back to the Roots Can Also Drive Innovations -- 10.3 Advantages of Insects as Food and Feed -- 10.4 Case Study Alpha-protein -- 10.5 Industrial Automation as the Key to Sustainability -- 10.6 The Promising Future of the Insect Industry: A Beacon of Sustainability -- 11 Digital Technologies for Enabling and Engineering the Circular Economy 171 Heiko Thimm -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 CE Principles in the Context of Collaborative Business and the Internet Evolution -- 11.3 Transition Toward the CE -- ICT-specific Barriers and Challenges -- 11.4 The Concept of the Circular Economy Digital Machine Room -- 11.5 Use Cases -- 11.6 Conclusion -- Part V Organization (Management, Business Models) -- 12 Finding Ideas for Sustainability-oriented Innovations: Using Circular Business Models for Innovation 199 Claus Lang-Koetz, Philipp Wichert, Leon Deterding -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Business Models and CE -- 12.3 Sustainability-oriented Innovation Management -- 12.4 Creative Search for New Ideas -- 12.5 Practical Approach on How to Use CBMs in Innovation Management -- 12.6 Conclusion and Outlook -- 13 Circular Economy Business Models and Ecodesign Approaches in Practice -- A Case Study Literature Review 219 Liz Fohrenkamm, Juliano de Araujo, Tobias Viere -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Methods -- 13.3 Results -- 13.4 Discussion -- 13.5 Conclusion -- 14 The IRMa Approach -- Integrative Resource Efficiency Management in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises 235 Alexandra Vogt, Ingela Tietze, Philipp Preiss, Claus Lang-Koetz, Heidi Hottenroth -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 State of the Art: Conceptual Frameworks for SMEs in Resource Efficiency and Circular Economy -- 14.3 Methodology -- 14.4 IRMa Approach -- 14.5 Application -- 14.6 Conclusion and Outlook -- Acknowledgement -- Part VI Contextualization of Circular Economy Engineering -- 15 Cultural and Cross-Cultural Requirements of Circular Economy Engineering: Addressing Issues of Global Responsibility, Social Sustainability, and Ethics 255 Jasmin Mahadevan -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Essential Concepts -- 15.3 Three Properties of Culture and Ensuring Requirements -- 15.4 The Systemic Challenge of Culture and How to Address It -- 15.5 The Engineering Dimension of Culture and Its Implications -- 15.6 Towards an Interculturally Competent Circular Economy Engineering -- 15.7 Summary and Conclusion -- About the Author -- 16 The Actual Goals and Limits of Circular Economy -- A Critical Perspective 277 Mario Schmidt -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Review of Common Premises -- 16.3 Circularity as an Overall Goal? -- 16.4 Lack of Proper Assessments and Indicators -- 16.5 Holistic Approaches Needed -- 16.6 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Index.