1.2.3 Drift and Diffusion of Charge Carriers -- 1.2.3.1 Drift of Charge Carriers -- 1.2.3.2 Diffusion of Charge Carriers -- 1.2.4 Mathematical Relation for Mobility -- 1.2.4.1 Comparison and Combined Effects -- 1.2.5 Factors Influencing Mobility and Conductivity -- 1.3 Density of States -- 1.3.1 Importance of DOS -- 1.3.2 Applications of DOS -- 1.3.3 Concept and Derivation in Three-, Two-, and One-Dimensional Systems -- 1.3.3.1 Bulk Density of States (Three-Dimensional) -- 1.3.3.2 Two-Dimensional Systems -- 1.3.3.3 One-Dimensional Systems -- 1.3.4 Implications for Electronic Properties

1.4 Electron and Hole Concentration in Doped Semiconductor -- 1.4.1 Role of Doping in Conductivity Enhancement -- 1.5 Fermi Concepts -- 1.5.1 Definition and Significance of Fermi Level -- 1.5.2 Fermi Energy, Fermi Temperature, and Fermi Wavelength -- 1.5.3 Fermi Surface and Its Role in Semiconductors -- 1.6 Electrical Properties -- References -- Chapter 2 Dielectric Materials -- 2.1 Fundamentals of Dielectrics, Polarization Mechanisms, Dielectric Constant and Loss Tangent, and Applications in Capacitors -- 2.1.1 Fundamentals of Dielectrics -- 2.1.2 Polarization Mechanisms

2.1.3 Dielectric Constant and Loss Tangent -- 2.1.3.1 Dielectric Constant -- 2.1.3.2 Dielectric Loss Tangent -- 2.1.4 Applications in Capacitors -- 2.2 Ferroelectric Materials, Structural Characteristics and Hysteresis Behavior, and Applications in Memory Devices and Sensors -- 2.2.1 Ferroelectric Materials -- 2.2.2 Structural Characteristics and Hysteresis Behavior -- 2.2.2.1 Crystal Symmetry and Phase Transitions -- 2.2.2.2 Ferroelectric Structure -- 2.2.2.3 Ferroelectric Domains -- 2.2.2.4 Hysteresis Behavior -- 2.2.3 Applications in Memory Devices and Sensors

2.3 Piezoelectric Materials, Principles and Properties of Piezoelectricity, Applications in Micro-positioners, Actuators, and Sonar Devices -- 2.3.1 Principles and Properties of Piezoelectricity -- 2.3.1.1 Bimorph or Unimorph Cantilever -- 2.3.1.2 Unimorph Cantilever -- 2.3.1.3 Piezoelectric Film Configuration -- 2.3.1.4 Piezoelectric Stack Configuration -- 2.3.2 Applications of Piezoelectric Materials -- 2.3.2.1 Piezoelectric Acoustic Transducer -- 2.4 Pyroelectric Materials, Mechanisms of Pyroelectricity, Applications in Radiation Detectors, and Thermometry