Front cover -- Half title -- Full title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- 1 -- The history of permanent Ưmagnets -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Lodestones: the first permanent magnets -- 1.3 Early permanent magnet studies -- 1.4 The era of steel permanent magnets -- 1.5 The discovery of alnico permanent magnets -- 1.6 The discovery of hard ferrite magnets -- 1.7 The discovery of Sm-Co permanent magnets -- 1.8 The discovery of NdFeB permanent magnets -- 1.9 The discovery of Sm-Fe-N permanent magnets -- 1.10 Future permanent magnet materials -- 1.11 Summary -- References -- 2 -- Fundamental properties of permanent magnets -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The different families and types of permanent magnets -- 2.3 Key magnetic parameters -- 2.4 On the origin of magnetism -- 2.5 The different types of magnetism -- 2.6 The origin of anisotropy in permanent magnets -- 2.7 Magnetic domains and domain walls -- 2.8 Magnetic hysteresis -- 2.9 Coercivity mechanism in modern permanent magnets -- 2.10 Stability of permanent magnets -- References -- 3 -- Recent advances in hard Ưferrite magnets -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Historical overview of M-type Sr- and Ba- Hexaferrites -- 3.3 Crystal structure, intrinsic magnetic properties, microstructure and morphology -- 3.4 Advances towards the improvement of intrinsic magnetic properties -- 3.5 Industrial fabrication routes -- 3.5.1 Fabrication of hexaferrites -- 3.5.2 Bonded magnets -- 3.5.3 Sintered magnets -- 3.5.4 Additive manufacturing -- 3.6 Recycling efforts, recovery, and reusability in production line -- 3.7 Applications of hexaferrites: present and perspectives -- References -- 4 -- Modern Sm-Co permanent magnets -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Manufacturing process of Sm-Co magnets -- 4.3 High (BH) max Sm 2 Co 17 type permanent magnets.