This book constitutes the revised selected papers of the 13th International Conference on HPCST 2023, held in Barnaul, Russia, during May 19-20, 2023. The 21 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 81 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections as follows: Hardware for High-Performance Computing and Signal Processing; Information Technologies and Computer Simulation of Physical Phenomena; Computing Technologies in Data Analysis and Decision Making; Information and Computing Technologies in Automation and Control Science; Computing Technologies in Information Security Applications.