This book reviews various applications of nanotechnology in the prophylactic, diagnostic, and therapeutic management of livestock diseases. The initial section discusses the strategies for the synthesis of nanomaterials and characterization of different nanomaterials. The subsequent chapters explore the role of nanoparticles in the diagnosis of diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, protozoans, and fungi. The book also examines the nano sensors that are used for point-of-care diagnosis of various livestock diseases. Additionally, it highlights nanoparticles-based vaccines and vaccine delivery systems to combat bacterial livestock diseases. Lastly, the book entails the strategies for developing nanotherapeutics for the treatment of bacterial, viral, fungal diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancer in livestock animals. The content of this book is useful for researchers and practitioners interested in understanding the applications of nanotechnology in diagnostics and therapeutics of livestock diseases.