This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 16th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies, BIOSTEC 2023, held in Lisbon, Portugal, during February 16-18, 2023. The 7 regular papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 246 submissions. They contribute to the understanding of relevant trends of current research on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies, that include Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Decision Support Systems, Data Mining and Data Analysis, eHealth Applications, eHealth, Detection and Identification, Computational Intelligence, Cognitive Informatics, Big Data in Healthcare and Assistive Technologies.