This book presents the Proceedings from the Second International Workshop GLOW 2024 held in conjunction with the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2024, in Jeju Island, South Korea, in August 2024. The 11 full papers and 4 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 22 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: efficient methods for low-resource hardware; efficient fintuning with limited data; advancements in multimodal systems; recognition and reasoning in the open world.