This book examines the progress in the biotechnology sector in India towards knowledge and innovation driven Bioeconomy. The chapters of the book review different genome editing techniques and the GM crops focusing on the emerging potential in agricultural biotechnology. Chapters on Vaccines and AI in healthcare unfold huge opportunities in medical biotechnology. The book covers the advances in biotechnology towards delivering important benefits of healthcare, particularly through the pharmaceutical industry focusing on new healthcare interventions and delivering innovations. Further, it explores the major opportunities in industrial biotechnology related to bio-pharma, biorefinery, fermentation biotechnology, and growing synergies between industry-academia. Toward the end, the book also reviews the genetic regulation and the critical role of HRD. In summary, the book emphasizes on India as a strong bio-manufacturing hub for innovative, affordable and accessible products for the society and also for global markets while describing the sector wise strategies required.