This book explores the magnitude of the congenital anomalies and developmental disabilities based on the data from an established surveillance and prevention program of congenital defects, and describing the successful strategies for the control of neural tube defects, Down syndrome, phenylketonuria, haemophilia, thalassemia and some other defects in the country. It provides essential data for research purposes, information for health service planners, clinicians, and for genetic counselling. This book will be a unique source of evidences from a developing country with notable similar applications in other areas and countries of developing world.