This two-volume set, CCIS 2280 and CCIS 2281, constitutes the proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Optimization, Learning Algorithms and Applications, OL2A 2024, held in Tenerife, Spain, in July 2024. The 41 papers presented here were carefully reviewed and selected from 105 submissions. They have been organized in the two volumes under the following topical sections:- Part I: Learning Algorithms in Engineering Education; Machine Learning; Deep Learning; Optimization in the SDG context. Part II: Optimization in Control Systems Design; Optimization. .