This book discusses the role of science and technology in forging a sustainable and harmonious world. It delves into new horizons in healthcare, food security, climate change, energy, sustainable transportation, role of computational and data sciences in sustainability, and mental health and aims to cultivate innovative solutions that benefit both the planet and its inhabitants. The second volume is inspired by a unified objective: preserving our planet, fostering universal well-being, and envisioning a world where collective efforts drive positive change through an exploration of conventional and emerging technologies. The book chapters enrich the global discourse on sustainability, steering us toward a resilient and healthier future. With every chapter authored by dedicated experts, this book stands as a testament to the commitment to a better world and serves as a great resource for researchers, environmentalists, and students.