This book provides background knowledge on sustainable bioeconomy development in the Global South and documents its status. It promotes pertinent understanding for the sustainable creation of new value chains within the sector especially in terms of bioenergy and biomaterials as well as the definition of priority areas and supportive framework by local, national, regional and international agencies and consortiums. This book covers the state of affairs of innovative bio-based products from agriculture, forestry, biotechnology, medicine, pharmaceuticals, food and feed, construction materials, bioenergy, paper, and pulp, industrial goods, and environmental management. It also presents narrative-based reviews of bio-based raw materials, processing processes, products, and services that showcase the status of bioeconomy development in the Global South. This book is a reference for trainees and trainers, bioeconomy practitioners and activists, students, civil, private,and public employees and employers, academics, researchers, environmentalists, ecologists, social scientists, agricultural scientists, economists, governmental and non-governmental organization, biodiversity experts, policymakers, conservationists and industries interested in promoting sustainable bioeconomy development in the Global South.