Lantana camara, commonly known as lantana, is a flowering plant native to the tropical regions of Central and South America. It has been introduced to many parts of the world, often as an ornamental plant, but has become invasive in many regions, leading to significant ecological impacts. However, it also has potential benefits that can be harnessed through bioprospecting. This book aims to provide a comprehensive examination of L. camara, the plant known for its dual identity as both an invasive species and a source of valuable bioprospecting opportunities. The book delves into the ecological impact of L. camara, exploring its role as an invasive species, the challenges it poses to native ecosystems, and the strategies for managing its spread. Simultaneously, it highlights the plant's potential benefits, particularly in the fields of medicine, agriculture, and environmental remediation. This dual focus will offer readers a balanced perspective on L. camara, underscoring the need for nuanced approaches to both its control and utilization.