This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Colloquium on Theoretical Aspects of Computing, ICTAC 2016, held in Taipei, Taiwan, in October 2016. The 23 revised full papers presented together with two short papers, two invited papers and one abstract of an invited paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 60 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on program verification; design, synthesis and testing; calculi; specifications; composition and transformation; automata; temporal logics; tool and short papers.