The two-volume set LNAI 10245 and LNAI 10246 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing, ICAISC 2017, held in Zakopane, Poland in June 2017. The 133 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 274 submissions. The papers included in the first volume are organized in the following five parts: neural networks and their applications; fuzzy systems and their applications; evolutionary algorithms and their applications; computer vision, image and speech analysis; and bioinformatics, biometrics and medical applications.