This book contains revised and extended versions of selected papers from the 8th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence, ICAART 2016, held in Rome, Italy, in February 2016. The 17 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 149 initial submissions. The papers are organized in two sections: agents and artificial intelligence. They address open research trends and highlight in an innovative manner the trends in intelligent multi-agent systems, natural language processing, and knowledge representation.