This book constitutes the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Discovery Science, DS 2016, held in banff, AB, Canada in October 2015. The 30 full papers presented together with 5 abstracts of invited talks in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 60 submissions. The conference focuses on following topics: Advances in the development and analysis of methods for discovering scientific knowledge, coming from machine learning, data mining, and intelligent data analysis, as well as their application in various scientific domains.