1. Introduction to Green Roof Ecosystems -- 2. Monitoring Abiotic Inputs and Outputs -- 3.Climates and Microclimates: Challenges for Extensive -- 4. Green Roof Design for Hot Climates -- 5. Water through Green Roofs -- 6. Nutrient Cycling in Green Roof Ecosystems -- 7. Soil-based Green Roofs -- 8. Bacteria and Fungi in Green Roof Ecosystems -- 9. Plant Biodiversity on Green Roofs -- 10. Effects of Vegetation on Green Roof -- 11. Ecosystem Services -- 12. Ruderal Green Roofs -- 13. Assembling Prairie Biome Plants for Minnesota -- 14. Green Roofs -- 15. Green Roof Plant Assemblage and Dynamics -- 16. Long-term Rooftop Plant Communities -- 17. Invertebrates on Green Roofs -- 18. Placing Green Roofs in Time and Space: Scale, Recruitment, Establishment, and Regeneration -- 19. Eco-regional Green Roof Case Studies -- 20. Green Roof Ecosystems: Summary and Synthesis.