Advanced green composites

Eylem Seç

Ayırt
Listelerime ekle
Eposta
Yazdır

Başlık:

Yazar:

Netravali, Anil Narayan, 1948- author.

ISBN:

9781119323709

9781119323730

9781119323327

9781119323266

Fiziksel Tanımlama:

1 online resource

İçerik:

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Introduction -- 2 Green Resins from Plant Sources and Strengthening Mechanisms -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Green Resins from Agro-Resources -- 2.2.1 Plant Protein-Based Resins -- 2.2.2 Plant Starch-Based Resins -- 2.3 Green Resins from Microbial Fermentation -- 2.3.1 Polyhydroxyalkanoates -- 2.3.2 Pullulan -- 2.4 Green Resins Using Monomers from Agricultural Resources -- 2.4.1 Polylactic Acid -- 2.5 Strengthening of Green Resins using Nano-Fillers -- 2.5.1 Inorganic Nano-Fillers -- 2.5.2 Organic Nano-Fillers -- 2.6 Conclusions -- References -- 3 High Strength Cellulosic Fibers from Liquid Crystalline Solutions -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Fibers from Liquid Crystalline Solutions of Cellulose Derivatives -- 3.3 Fibers from Liquid Crystalline Solution of Nonderivatized Cellulose -- 3.4 Regenerated-Cellulose/CNT Composite Fibers with Ionic Liquids -- 3.5 Future Prospects -- Summary -- References -- 4 Cellulose Nanofibers: Electrospinning and Nanocellulose Self-Assemblies -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Electrospinning of Cellulose Solutions -- 4.3 Cellulose Nanofibers via Electrospinning and Hydrolysis of Cellulose Acetate -- 4.4 Bicomponent Hybrid and Porous Cellulose Nanofibers -- 4.5 Wholly Polysaccharide Cellulose/Chitin/Chitosan Hybrid Nanofibers -- 4.6 Surface-Active Cellulose Nanofibers -- 4.7 Nanocelluloses -- 4.8 Nanocelluloses from Agricultural By-Products -- 4.9 Source Effects -- CNCs from Grape Skin, Tomato Peel, Rice Straw, Cotton Linter -- 4.10 Process Effect -- Nanocelluloses from Single Source (Corn Cob, Rice Straw) -- 4.11 Ultra-Fine Cellulose Fibers from Electrospinning and Self-Assembled Nanocellulose -- 4.12 Further Notes on Nanocellulose Applications and Nanocomposites -- Acknowledgement -- References.

5 Advanced Green Composites with High Strength and Toughness -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 'Greener' Composites -- 5.3 Fully 'Green' Composites -- 5.4 'Advanced Green Composites' -- 5.5 Conclusions -- References -- 6 All-Cellulose (Cellulose-Cellulose) Green Composites -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.1.1 Cellulose -- 6.1.2 Nanocelluloses for Polymer Composite Materials -- 6.1.3 All-Cellulose Composites -- 6.2 Preparation of ACCs -- 6.2.1 Dissolution of Cellulose -- 6.2.1.1 Aqueous Solvents -- 6.2.1.2 Organic Solvents -- 6.2.1.3 Ionic Liquids -- 6.2.2 Preparation of ACCs -- 6.2.2.1 One-Phase Preparation -- 6.2.2.2 Two-Phase Preparation -- 6.3 Structures and Properties of ACCs -- 6.3.1 Optical Properties -- 6.3.2 Mechanical Properties -- 6.3.3 Thermal Expansion Behavior -- 6.3.4 Gas Barrier Properties -- 6.3.5 Biodegradability -- 6.4 Future Prospects -- 6.5 Summary -- 6.6 Acknowledgements -- References -- 7 Self-Healing Green Polymers and Composites -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 Self-Healing Property in Materials: What is it and Why it is Needed? -- 7.2 Types of Self-Healing Approaches Used in Thermoset Polymers -- 7.2.1 Microcapsule-Based Self-Healing System -- 7.2.1.1 Microencapsulation Techniques -- 7.2.1.2 Microcapsule Systems for Self-Healing -- 7.2.2 Vascular Self-Healing System -- 7.2.2.1 One-, Two-, or Three-Dimensional Microvascular Systems -- 7.2.3 Intrinsic Self-Healing System -- 7.2.3.1 Test Methods to Characterize Self-Healing -- 7.2.3.2 Quasi-Static Fracture Methods -- 7.2.3.3 Fatigue Fracture Methods -- 7.2.3.4 Impact Fracture Methods -- 7.2.3.5 Other Techniques -- 7.3 Self-Healing Polymers from Green Sources -- 7.3.1 Self-Healing Polymers in Biomaterials -- 7.3.2 Self-Healing Green Resins and Green Composites -- 7.4 Summary and Prospects -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 8 Transparent Green Composites -- 8.1 Introduction.

8.2 Cellulose Nanofiber-Based Composites and Papers -- 8.2.1 Bacterial Cellulose-Based Composites -- 8.2.2 CNF-Based Composites -- 8.2.3 Transparent Nanopapers -- 8.2.4 All Cellulose Transparent Composites -- 8.3 Chitin-Based Transparent Composites -- 8.3.1 Chitin Nanofiber-Based Composites -- 8.3.2 Micro-Sized Chitin Composites -- 8.3.3 Chitin-Chitosan Transparent Green Composites -- 8.3.4 All Chitin Nanofiber Transparent Films -- 8.4 Electronic Devices Based on CNF Films and Composites -- 8.5 Future Prospects -- 8.6 Summary -- References -- 9 Toughened Green Composites: Improving Impact Properties -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Significance of Fiber Length in Toughened Fibrous Composites -- 9.3 Impact Properties of Green Composites -- 9.3.1 Relation Between Interfacial and Mechanical Properties in Green Composites -- 9.3.2 A Pattern of Increase in Tensile Strength and Decrease in Impact Strength -- 9.3.3 Effect of Toughened Resin -- 9.3.4 Approaches to Increase Both TS and IS -- 9.4 Role of Large Elongation at Break in Regenerated Cellulose Fibers -- 9.5 Toughened Cellulose Fibers and Green Composites -- 9.5.1 Toughening Mechanism of Regenerated Cellulose Fibers -- 9.5.2 Mercerization Effect -- 9.5.3 Other Beneficial Chemical Treatments -- 9.6 Conclusions -- Appendix -- References -- 10 Cellulose Reinforced Green Foams -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Bio-Based Foams -- 10.2.1 Starch-Based Foams -- 10.2.2 Foams Based on Vegetable Oils -- 10.2.3 Foams Based on Poly(Lactic Acid) -- 10.3 Surface Engineering of Cellulose Fibres Used in Foams -- 10.3.1 Chemical Modifications of Cellulose Fibres -- 10.3.2 In Situ Synthesis of Hybrid Fibres -- 10.3.2.1 Topology and Particle Content on Hybrid Fibres -- 10.3.2.2 Foam Formation -- 10.3.2.3 Combustion Behavior of Foams -- 10.4 Prospects -- 10.5 Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References.

11 Fire Retardants from Renewable Resources -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Fire Retardant Additives Based on Phosphorus and Nitrogen from Renewable Resources -- 11.2.1 Nucleic Acids -- 11.2.2 Proteins Containing Phosphorus and Sulfur -- 11.2.3 Phosphorus/Nitrogen-Rich Carbohydrates -- 11.2.4 Carbohydrates -- 11.3 Natural Phenolic Compounds as Flame Retardant Additives -- 11.3.1 Lignin -- 11.3.2 Tannins -- 11.3.3 Cardanol and Polymers of Cardanol -- 11.3.4 Polydopamines -- 11.4 Other FR Materials from Renewable Sources -- 11.4.1 Chicken Eggshell -- 11.4.2 Banana Pseudostem Sap -- 11.5 Prospects -- 11.6 Summary -- 11.7 Acknowledgements -- References -- 12 Green Composites with Excellent Barrier Properties -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Biodegradable Polymers: Classifications and Challenges -- 12.2.1 Poly (lactic acid): Properties Evaluation, Modifications and its Applications -- 12.2.2 Cellulose Based Composites: Chemical Modifications, Property Evaluation, and Applications -- 12.2.3 Chitosan Based Composites: Chemical Modifications, Properties Evaluation and Applications -- 12.2.4 Natural Gum Based Composites: Chemical Modification, Property Evaluation and Applications -- 12.2.5 Silk Based Composites: Property Evaluation, Chemical Modifications and Applications -- 12.3 Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 13 Nanocellulose-Based Composites in Biomedical Applications -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Nanocellulose Sources and Properties -- 13.2.1 Nanocellulose Sources -- 13.2.2 Nanocellulose Characteristics as Green Material -- 13.2.3 Nanocellulose Properties for Biomedical Composites -- 13.2.3.1 Mechanical Properties -- 13.2.3.2 Morphology -- 13.2.3.3 Surface Charge -- 13.2.3.4 Conformability -- 13.2.3.5 Thermal Properties -- 13.2.3.6 Non-Toxic -- 13.2.3.7 Biocompatibility -- 13.3 Biomedical Applications of Nanocellulose-Based Composites.

13.3.1 Nanocellulose-Based Composites with Various Polymers -- 13.3.1.1 Polyvinyl Alcohol -- 13.3.1.2 Chitosan (Ch) -- 13.3.1.3 Acrylic Acid (AA) -- 13.3.1.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) -- 13.3.1.5 Silk Fibroin -- 13.3.1.6 Polyaniline and Polypyrrole -- 13.3.1.7 Alginate -- 13.3.1.8 Collagen -- 13.3.2 Nanocellulose-Based Composites with Bioactive Ceramics -- 13.3.2.1 Hydroxyapatite (HA) -- 13.3.2.2 Iron Oxide Nanoparticles -- 13.3.2.3 Calcium Peroxide (CaO2) -- 13.3.2.4 Carbon Nanotubes -- 13.3.3 Nanocellulose-Based Composites with Metals -- 13.3.3.1 Silver Nanoparticles (Ag) -- 13.3.3.2 Gold Nanoparticles (Au) -- 13.4 Summary -- 13.5 Prospects -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Index -- EULA.

Özet:

Most composites, particularly those made using thermoset resins, cannot be recycled or reused. As a result, most of them end up in landfills at the end of their useful life which is neither sustainable nor environment-friendly. Various laws enacted by Governments around the world and heightened global awareness about sustainability and global warming is changing this situation. Significant research is being conducted in developing and utilizing sustainable fibers and resins, mostly derived from plant, to fabricate 'Green' composites. The significant progress in the past 20 or so years in this field has led to the development of green composites with high strength or so called Advanced Green Composites. More interestingly, green composites have also acquired various different properties such as fire resistance, transparency, barrier to gases and others. The term 'advanced' which only included high strength and stiffness now includes all these special properties. The world is on the cusp of a major change, and once fully developed, such composites could be used in applications ranging from automobiles to sporting goods, from circuit boards to housing and from furniture to packaging. This book, by presenting the state-of-the-art developments in many aspects of advanced green composites adds significantly to the knowledge base that is critical for their success of expanding their use in applications never seen before. The chapters are written by world's leading researchers and present in-depth information in a simple way. This provides readers and researchers the latest developments in the field of 'Green' resins (with ways of strengthening them), High Strength Green Fibers (including micro and nano-cellulose fibrils/fibers) and Green Composites in the first few chapters. The introductory chapter summarizes the consequences of using conventional, petroleum-based materials and the need for green composites as well as the progress being made in this field. After that the book delves in to Advanced Green Composites in a broader sense and includes chapters on High Strength Green Composites, Self-healing Green Composites, Transparent Green Composites, All-cellulose composites, Toughened Green Composites, Green Biofoams, Bioinspired Shape Memory Composites, etc.

Notlar:

John Wiley and Sons

Konu Terimleri:

Composite materials.

Green products.

Polymeric composites -- Environmental aspects.

Composites.

Produits écologiques.

Composites polymères -- Aspect de l'environnement.

composite material.

TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING -- Engineering (General)

TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING -- Reference.