3.2.3 Photons -- 3.3 Polymer Systems for Ionizing Radiation Dosimetry -- 3.3.1 Polymer-Based Dosimeters -- 3.3.2 Polymer/Dye Dosimeters -- 3.3.3 Fluorescent Polymer Dosimeters -- 3.3.4 Polymer/Metal Nanomaterials Dosimeters -- 3.4 Ionizing Radiation-Responsive Polymer Systems for Therapy -- 3.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 4 Shrink and Wrinkle - Thermally Responsive Substrates for Thin-Film Structuring -- 4.1 Structured Thin Films -- 4.2 Measuring the Mechanical Properties of Thin Films Using Thermal Wrinkling -- 4.2.1 Thermally Structured Thin Films for Cell Culture -- 4.2.2 Wrinkled Conductive Thin Films for Wearable Electronics -- 4.2.3 Wrinkled Electrochemical Sensors -- 4.2.4 Current Challenges and Future Perspectives for the Use of Wrinkled Thin Films -- References -- Chapter 5 Design of Nanocomposite Microgels Prepared by Seeded Emulsion Polymerization in the Presence of Microgels -- 5.1 Background on Composite Hydrogels -- 5.2 Background on Composite Microgels -- 5.3 Conventional Emulsion Polymerization and SEP -- 5.4 Nanocomposite Microgels Prepared by SEP in the Presence of Microgels -- 5.5 Design of the Internal Structure of the Nanocomposite Microgels -- 5.6 Synthesis of Multi-layered Nanocomposite Microgels -- 5.7 Characterization of Nanocomposite Microgels -- 5.8 Applications of Nanocomposite Microgels -- 5.9 Summary and Perspective -- References -- Chapter 6 Compressible Microgels in Concentrated Suspensions: Phase Behavior, Flow Properties, and Scattering Techniques to Probe Their Structure and Dynamics -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Swelling Thermodynamics -- 6.2.1 Polymer/Solvent Mixing -- 6.2.2 Elasticity -- 6.2.3 Ionic Effects -- 6.2.4 Equation of State -- 6.3 Experimental Techniques -- 6.3.1 Dynamic Light Scattering -- 6.3.1.1 Auto-correlation Experiments -- 6.3.1.2 Cross-correlation and 3D-DLS Experiments.

6.3.2 Small-angle Neutron-scattering -- 6.3.2.1 SANS Setup -- 6.3.2.2 Scattering Theory -- 6.3.2.3 Form Factor and Structure Factor -- 6.3.2.4 Contrast Variation -- 6.4 Suspension Phase Behavior -- 6.5 Flow Properties -- 6.6 Final Remarks -- References -- Chapter 7 Structure and Properties of Smart Micro- and Nanogels Determined by (Neutron) Scattering Methods -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Scattering Techniques Applied to Microgels -- 7.2.1 Static and Dynamic Light Scattering Applied to Microgels -- 7.2.1.1 Static Light Scattering (SLS) -- 7.2.2 Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS/PCS) -- 7.2.3 Small-Angle Neutron and X-Ray Scattering Applied to Microgels -- 7.3 Multicompartment and Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Microgels -- 7.4 Time-Resolved Small-Angle Scattering -- 7.5 Crowded Microgel Systems -- 7.6 Conclusion and Outlook -- Appendix: Absolute Intensity for Fuzzy Sphere Form Factors -- References -- Chapter 8 Stimuli-Responsive Fluorescent Polymeric Hydrogels -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Strategies for Preparing Fluorescent Polymeric Hydrogels (FPHs) -- 8.2.1 Physically Incorporating Fluorogens into Polymeric Hydrogels -- 8.2.2 Covalently Bonding Fluorogens into Polymeric Hydrogels -- 8.2.3 Supramolecular Polymerizing/Crosslinking Monomeric Fluorogens -- 8.2.4 Comparison of Different Synthetic Strategies -- 8.3 Promising Applications -- 8.3.1 Optical Sensing and Bio-imaging -- 8.3.2 Information Encoding and Encryption -- 8.3.3 Bioinspired Mechanosensing Systems and Soft Actuators/Robotics -- 8.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9 The Fabrication and Applications of Bioinspired Hydrogel Actuators -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 The Classification of Hydrogel Actuators -- 9.2.1 Addition of Active Ingredient -- 9.2.2 Pneumatic/Hydraulic Actuators -- 9.2.3 Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel Actuator Derived from Asymmetric Swelling.

9.2.3.1 Single-Stimulus-Responsive Hydrogel Actuators -- 9.2.3.2 Multi-stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel Actuators -- 9.3 Anisotropic Structures -- 9.3.1 1D/2D Anisotropic Structures -- 9.3.1.1 Bilayer -- 9.3.1.2 Oriented -- 9.3.1.3 Gradient -- 9.3.1.4 Patterned -- 9.3.2 3D Anisotropic Structures -- 9.4 Methods to Fabricate Anisotropic Structures -- 9.4.1 Traditional Technology -- 9.4.1.1 Stepwise Polymerization -- 9.4.1.2 3D Printing -- 9.4.1.3 Macromolecular Assembly -- 9.4.2 Innovative Technology -- 9.5 Applications -- 9.5.1 Soft Robots -- 9.5.2 Artificial Muscles -- 9.5.3 Biomimetic Devices -- 9.5.4 Information Storage Materials -- 9.6 Conclusion -- Conflict of Interest -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 10 Hydrogels-Based Electronic Devices for Biosensing Applications -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Flexible Hydrogel-Based Sensors -- 10.2.1 Principles of Conductive Hydrogel Sensors -- 10.2.2 Improved Mechanical Properties of Hydrogel-Based Sensors -- 10.2.3 Prolonged Longevity of Hydrogel Sensors -- 10.2.4 Expanded Usage Scenarios of Hydrogel-Based Sensors -- 10.2.5 Multifunctionalization and Expanding Application of Hydrogel Sensor -- 10.3 Tissue-Machine Interfaces -- 10.3.1 Design and Mechanism of the Neural Interfaces -- 10.3.2 Multifunctional Applications of Biointerfaces -- 10.4 The Prospects of Hydrogel Bioelectronic Devices -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Index -- EULA.