1 Introduction, Robert J. Thomas, Sushanth Bhat, Sudhansu Chokroverty -- Section I. Basic Science -- 2 Neuronal Circuits, Anatomical Substrates, and Mechanism of Sleep-Wakefulness, Sudhansu Chokroverty, Sushanth Bhat, Robert J. Thomas -- Section II. Laboratory Techniques -- 3 Polysomnographic Recording Technique, Sudhansu Chokroverty, Sushanth Bhat -- 4 Hypnogram and Compliance Graph Analysis, Robert J. Thomas, Sudhansu Chokroverty, Sushanth Bhat -- 5 Electroencephalograph for the Sleep Specialist, Sudhansu Chokroverty, Eli S. Neiman, Sushanth Bhat -- 6 Odds Ratio Product (ORP): Description and Implications to Understanding and Management of Sleep Disorders, Magdy Younes -- 7 Sleep Stage Scoring, Raman K. Malhotra, Alon Y. Avidan -- 8 Sleep-Disordered Breathing: Scoring, Robert J. Thomas, Sudhansu Chokroverty, Federica Provini, Sushanth Bhat -- 9 Upper Airway Radiology, Richard J. Schwab, Andrew Wiemken -- Section III. Other Sleep Techniques -- 10 Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) and Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (MWT), Sushanth Bhat, Stacey D. Elkhatib-Smidt, Sudhansu Chokroverty -- 11 Actigraphy, Marco Zucconi, Samantha Mombelli -- 12 Cyclic Alternating Pattern (CAP): Scoring Rules and Clinical Applications, Liborio Parrino, Irene Pollara, Francesco Rausa, Marcello Luigi Salvatelli -- 13 Recommendations for Practical Use of Pulse Transit Time as a Tool for Respiratory Effort Measurements During Sleep and Microarousal Recognition, Jean-Louis Pepin, Sébastien Baillieul, Renaud Tamisier -- 14 Peripheral Arterial Tonometry, Robert J. Thomas -- 15 EEG Spectrograms, Robert J. Thomas, Haoqi Sun -- 16 Cardiopulmonary Coupling, Robert J. Thomas -- 17 Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy, Phillip Huyett -- 18 Upper Airway Endotypes, Andrew Wellman, Ran R. Liu -- 19 Autonomic Function Testing Including Autonomic Nervous System and Sleep Interaction, Sudhansu Chokroverty, Sushanth Bhat -- 20 Scoring Techniques for Sleep-Related Movements, Ambra Stefani, Birgit Högl, Raffaele Ferri -- 21 Artificial Intelligence in Sleep Medicine, Haoqi Sun, Wolfgang Ganglberger, M. Brandon Westover, Robert J. Thomas -- 22 Neuroimaging Techniques, Zara Duquette, Nathan Cross, Aurore A. Perrault, Pierre Maquet, Martin Desseilles, Thien Thanh Dang-Vu -- 23 High-Resolution EEG Characterization of Sleep Neurophysiology, Shijing Zhou, Kyle Morgan, Evan Hathaway, Roma Shusterman, Phan Luu, Miranda Lim, Ruth Benca, Don M. Tucker -- 24 Intracranial EEG/MEG Recording and Sleep Medicine, Richard A. Wennberg -- 25 Pictorial Diagnosis of Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders, Sabra M. Abbott, Roneil Malkani, Phyllis C. Zee -- 26 Consumer Sleep Technology: Wearables and Nearables, Sushanth Bhat, Liudmila Lysenko -- Section IV. Clinical Aspects -- 27 Motor Disorders in Sleep, Sushanth Bhat, Liudmila Lysenko, Stacey D. Elkhatib Smidt, Federica Provini, Marco Zucconi, Mauro Manconi, Sudhansu Chokroverty -- 28 Cardiac Arrhythmias, Robert J. Thomas, Sudhansu Chokroverty, Sushanth Bhat -- 29 Sleep and Epilepsy, Lino Nobili, Angelica Montini, Marco Zucconi, Sudhansu Chokroverty, Federica Provini -- 30 Sleep Dysfunction and Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Miscellaneous Neurological Disorders, Sudhansu Chokroverty, Sushanth Bhat, Federica Provini, Greta Mainieri -- 31 Atypical PSG Patterns, Sudhansu Chokroverty, Sushanth Bhat, Robert J. Thomas -- Section V. Therapy in Sleep-Disordered Breathing: Non-invasive -- 32 PAP, Bilevel, APAP, High and Low Loop Gain Syndromes, Robert J. Thomas -- 33 Adaptive Servo Ventilation, Robert J. Thomas -- 34 Oral Appliances for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) Therapy, Fernanda R. Almeida, Mona M. Hamoda -- Section VI. Therapy in Sleep-Disordered Breathing: Invasive -- 35 Neurostimulation and Sleep Apnea, Robert J. Thomas -- 36 Upper Airway Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea, John A. Fleetham -- Section VII. Pediatric Sleep Medicine (Clinical and Laboratory Techniques) -- 37 Pediatric Polysomnography, Jisu Han, Alexandra Schwarz, Stacey D. Elkhatib Smidt, Timothy F. Hoban -- Section VIII. Video Vignettes -- 38 Sleep Disturbances in Autoimmune Encephalitis, Margaret S. Blattner -- 39 Video-Clinical (SHE, FFI, RBD, and Others), Federica Provini, Greta Mainieri -- 40 Narcolepsy: Unequivocal Diagnosis After Split-screen, Video-polysomnographic Analysis of a Prolonged Cataplectic Attack, Mark Eric Dyken, Deborah C. Lin-Dyken, Jason Maxfield -- 41 Obstructive Sleep Apnea Associated with Cerebral Hypoxemia, Mark Eric Dyken, Christine L. Glenn, George B. Richerson -- 42 The REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Leading to a Subdural Hemorrhage, Mark Eric Dyken, Deborah C. Lin-Dyken, Mark Raymond Dyken -- 43 Isolated Sleep Paralysis: An REM-"Sleep" Polysomnographic Phenomenon, As Documented With Simultaneous Clinical and Electrophysiologic Assessment, Mark Eric Dyken, Deborah C. Lin-Dyken, Nivedita Jerath -- 44 Confusional Arousal, Mark Eric Dyken, Deborah C. Lin-Dyken, Nivedita Jerath -- 45 Sleepwalking, Mark Eric Dyken, Deborah C. Lin-Dyken, Siddharth Bajpai -- 46 Hypnagogic Hallucination, Mark Eric Dyken, Deborah C. Lin-Dyken, Nivedita Jerath -- 47 Sleep Terrors, Mark Eric Dyken, Deborah C. Lin-Dyken, Jeffrey Boyle -- 48 Adult Seizure from REM Sleep After Obstructive Apnea, Mark Eric Dyken, Mark Raymond Dyken -- 49 Pediatric Sleep-Related Seizure with Obstructive Apnea, Mark Eric Dyken, Mark Raymond Dyken -- 50 Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy, Mark Eric Dyken, Mark Raymond Dyken -- 51 Sleep-Related Bruxism, Mark Eric Dyken, Mark Raymond Dyken -- 52 Sleep-Related Eating Disorder, Mark Eric Dyken, Mark Raymond Dyken -- 53 Sleep-Related Rhythmic Movement Disorder, Mark Eric Dyken, Mark Raymond Dyken -- 54 Sleep-Breathing Dynamics, Robert J. Thomas -- Section IX. Epilogue -- 55 Epilogue, Sudhansu Chokroverty, Robert J. Thomas, Sushanth Bhat.