Frontmatter -- Contents -- General Introduction -- PART ONE. Native English-Speaking Immigrants -- Introduction -- British Recognition of American Speech in the Eighteenth Century -- The Rise of the American English Vowel Pattern -- American English Dialectology: Alternatives for the Southwest -- PART TWO. The Sea and the American Frontier -- Introduction -- Sea Terms Come Ashore -- Larrupin': From Nautical Word to Multiregionalism -- New York City and the Antebellum South: The Maritime Connection -- Slang and Words with their Origin on the River -- Sailors' and Cowboys' Folklore in Two Popular Classics -- The Origin of Mott in Anglo-Texan Vegetational Terminology -- Communication in a Frontier Society -- PART THREE. Immigration and Migration -- Introduction -- The American Language -- The Study of the English of the Pennsylvania Germans -- The Yiddish is Showing -- The Ethnolectal English of American Gypsies -- Spanglish: Language Contact in Puerto Rico -- The Melting Pot and Language Maintenance in South Slavic Immigrant Groups -- PART FOUR. Black English -- Introduction -- The Language Behavior of Negroes and Whites -- Texan Gullah: The Creole English of the Brackettville Afro-Seminoles -- Black English near its Roots: The Transplanted West African Creoles -- Cut-Eye and Suck-Teeth: African Words and Gestures in New World Guise -- The Creole 'Copula' that Highlighted the World -- Have/Got in the Speech of Anglo and Black Children -- Interrelatedness of Certain Deviant Grammatical Structures in Negro Nonstandard Dialects -- PART FIVE. Pidgin English -- Introduction -- American Indian Pidgin English: Attestations and Grammatical Peculiarities -- Attestations of American Indian Pidgin English in Fiction and Nonfiction -- Categories of Transformations in Second Language Acquisition -- Chinese Telegrams -- References to Introductions