Preface xxi -- Part I: Introduction to Healthcare Systems 1 -- 1 Role of Technology in Healthcare Systems 3 A. Hency Juliet and K. Kalaiselvi -- 1.1 Introduction 4 -- 1.2 Transformation in Healthcare 7 -- 1.3 Technology Transformation in Healthcare Industry 14 -- 1.4 Patient Care Improvement Using Healthcare Technology 16 -- 1.5 Importance of Technology in Healthcare 18 -- 1.6 Technology Impact on Healthcare 19 -- 1.7 Innovation and Digital Transformation 21 -- 1.8 Diagnostics' Role in Combatting Life-Threatening Diseases 23 -- 1.9 Role of Medical Technology in Healthcare 25 -- 1.10 Conclusion 27 -- 2 Health Status Estimation based on Daily Life Activities 31 Josephine Anitha A. and Geetanjali R. -- 2.1 Introduction 32 -- 2.2 Intersection of Technology and Healthcare 34 -- 2.3 Unveiling the Technologies 38 -- 2.4 Machine Learning Marvels: Unravelling Health Insights From Daily Life Activities 39 -- 2.5 Data Collection and Processing in Daily Life Health Monitoring 41 -- 2.6 Ethical Considerations, Data Privacy, and Regulatory Compliance 44 -- 2.7 Potential Areas of Improvement 46 -- 2.8 Challenges and Opportunities 47 -- 2.9 Conclusion 49 -- 3 Decision Support System in Healthcare Monitoring 55 V. Suganthi and K. Kalaiselvi -- 3.1 Introduction 56 -- 3.2 Components of a Healthcare Monitoring System 65 -- 3.3 Role of Decision Support System 70 -- 3.4 Challenges in Implementing Decision Support Systems 72 -- 3.5 Future Trends and Innovations 74 -- 3.6 Conclusion 75 -- 4 Vision-Based Management System in Healthcare Applications 79 K. Balasubramanian, Anu Tonk, Seema Bhakuni, S. Anita, Freddy Ajila and S. Sathish Kumar -- 4.1 Introduction 80 -- 4.2 History 86 -- 4.3 Tear Testing and Ocular Surface Analysis in a Clinical Examination 86 -- 4.4 Other Ocular Surface Health-Related Clinical Examinations 89 -- 4.5 Management of ADDE 95 -- 4.6 Disease-Specific Therapy in ADDE 99 -- 4.7 ADDE With NK 101 -- 4.8 Unmet Needs and Future Directions 101 -- 4.9 Conclusion 102 -- 5 Semantic Framework in Healthcare Systems 107 Pooja Dabhowale, Mukesh Yadav, Nidhi Tiwari, Ruchi Sharma, Jose Anand A. and Irshad Ahamad -- 5.1 Introduction 108 -- 5.2 Background 109 -- 5.3 Internet of Things 111 -- 5.4 Research Methodology 115 -- 5.5 Theoretical Framework 117 -- 5.6 Data Analysis 120 -- 5.7 Conclusion 125 -- Part II: AI-Based System Models in Healthcare Applications 131 -- 6 Predictive Analysis in Healthcare Systems 133 J. Sathya and F. Mary Harin Fernandez -- 6.1 Introduction 134 -- 6.2 Related Work 136 -- 6.3 Proposed System 142 -- 6.4 Provide Support Tools and Visualizations to Aid in the Decision-Making Process 148 -- 6.5 Conclusion 149 -- 7 Machine Learning in Healthcare System 153 A. Hency Juliet and K. Sathya -- 7.1 Introduction 154 -- 8 Deep Learning Applications in Healthcare Systems 179 V. Sheeja Kumari and Renjith Balu -- 8.1 Introduction 180 -- 8.2 Fundamentals of Deep Learning 182 -- 8.3 Deep Learning Architecture for Image Classification 194 -- 8.4 Conclusion 200 -- 9 Image Analysis for Health Prediction 205 Pulla Sujarani and K. Kalaiselvi -- 9.1 Introduction 206 -- 9.2 Overview 208 -- 9.3 Image Preprocessing 209 -- 9.4 Image Filtering 211 -- 9.5 Image Enhancement 213 -- 9.6 Image Segmentation 215 -- 9.7 Feature Extraction 219 -- 9.8 Classification 222 -- 9.9 Conclusion 226 -- 10 Machine Learning in Biomedical Text Processing 229 Shibi Mathai and K. Kalaiselvi -- 10.1 Introduction 230 -- 10.2 Fundamentals of ML for Text Processing 232 -- 10.3 NLP Techniques in Biomedicine 233 -- 10.4 NLP Techniques in Biomedicine 236 -- 10.5 Feature Engineering and Selection in Biomedical Text 238 -- 10.6 Applications of ML in Biomedical Text Mining 240 -- 10.7 Evaluation Metrics and Model Validation 243 -- 10.8 Ethical Considerations and Data Privacy 245 -- 10.9 Future Directions and Challenges 246 -- 10.10 Conclusion 247 -- 11 Decision Making Biomedical Support System 253 V. Sheeja Kumari, J. Vijila and Renjith Balu -- 11.1 Introduction 254 -- 11.2 System Architecture and Components 258 -- 11.3 Machine Learning Algorithms 268 -- 11.4 Expert Systems 269 -- 11.5 Statistical Analysis Tools 270 -- 11.6 User Interface 272 -- 11.7 Interactivity for Healthcare Professionals 274 -- 11.8 User-Friendly Design 275 -- 11.9 Summary 277 -- Part III: Modernization and Future -- Healthcare Applications 281 -- 12 Medical Imaging and Diagnostics with Machine Learning 283 M. Sowmiya, D. Bhanu, K. Shruthi, Punitha Jilt, B. Beaula Pinky and A. Yasmine Begum -- 12.1 Introduction 284 -- 12.2 Establishing a Smart Sensor Network With the Help of AI 285 -- 12.3 Impact of Nanotechnology and IoMT in Healthcare 292 -- 12.4 Artificial Intelligence’s Impact on the Surgery 297 -- 12.5 The Importance of Artificial Intelligence in Treating Diabetes and Cancer 300 -- 12.6 Challenges and Future Scope 304 -- 12.7 Conclusions 305 -- 13 Predicting Ventilation Needs in Intensive Care Unit 311 Yashini Priyankha S., S. Sumathi, T. Mangavarkarasi, Jose Anand A. and Mithileysh Sathiyanarayanan -- 13.1 Introduction 312 -- 13.2 AI-Based Predictive Models for Healthcare Ventilation Systems 313 -- 13.3 AI Based Ventilator Weaning Predicting Unit 319 -- 13.4 Predictive Applications of AI in Healthcare 321 -- 13.5 AI Impacts on Ventilation Requirements 323 -- 13.6 ICU and Healthcare Future With AI 324 -- 13.7 Conclusion 325 -- 14 Modernized Health Record Maintenance 329 K. Balasubadra, Franklin Baltodano, Indira Pineda, S. Mayakannan, Eduardo Hernǹdez and Navin M. George -- 14.1 Introduction 330 -- 14.2 Literature Survey 335 -- 14.3 Materials and Methods 336 -- 14.4 Having a Proper Strategy 345 -- 14.5 A Common Database to be Maintained Like a Repository 345 -- 14.6 The Database Must Have Genuine Data 345 -- 14.7 Case Study and Applications 345 -- 14.8 Conclusion 357 -- 15 Natural Language Processing in Medical Applications 361 V. Prasanna Srinivasan, Evelyn Rosero, P. Sengottuvelan, Abhinav Singhal, Chandraketu Singh and S. Mayakannan -- 15.1 Introduction 362 -- 15.2 Related Studies on Medical Systems - Use of Machine Learning 363 -- 15.3 Health Data Formats in Medical Systems 365 -- 15.4 Prototype of Algorithms and Data Conversion 367 -- 15.5 Results and Discussion 371 -- 15.6 Conclusions 384 -- 16 Chat Bots for Medical Enquiries 389 K. Saravanan, Indira Pineda, Franklin Baltodano, Krunal Vishavadia, Vanessa Valverde and Jose Anand A. -- 16.1 Introduction 390 -- 16.2 Artificial Intelligence - Chatbot: Components of Architecture 398 -- 16.3 Artificial Intelligence - Chatbot: Models for Generating a Response 400 -- 16.4 AI Chatbots: Methods and Technologies 402 -- 16.5 A Development of Conversational Agents: State-of-the-Art Chatbots 406 -- 16.6 AI Chatbots: Customer-Based Services 414 -- 16.7 AI-Chatbots: Public Administration-Based Services 417 -- 16.8 Chatbot Performance Evaluation 419 -- 16.9 Conclusion 421 -- 17 Secured Health Insurance Management 425 A. Ravisankar, P. Manikandan, Iskandar Muda, Shrinivas V. Kulkarni, Rolando Marcel Torres Castillo and Jose Anand A. -- 17.1 Introduction 426 -- 17.2 Methods 431 -- 17.3 Results 436 -- 17.4 Discussion 440 -- 17.5 Conclusion 445 -- 18 Future of Healthcare Applications 449 Vettrivel Arul, Hitendra Kumar Lautre, T. Priya, Satish Kumar Verma, Freddy Ajila and Ramu Samineni -- 18.1 Introduction 450 -- 18.2 A History of Blockchain Technology (1991 - 2021) 454 -- 18.3 Motivations 457 -- 18.4 Topmost Healthcare Projects in Blockchain Technology Based on Market Capital 459 -- 18.5 Healthcare Applications for Blockchain Technology 463 -- 18.6 Research Challenges and Future Direction 476 -- 18.7 Conclusion 479 -- References 480 -- Index 483.