1. A short story of AFM in biology / Aiko Hibino, Toshiro Kobori, and Kunio Takeyasu -- 2. Protocols for specimen and substrate preparation and data correction methods / Toshiro Kobori and Kunio Takeyasu -- 3. Chemical modification of AFM probes and coupling with biomolecules / Shige H. Yoshimura -- 4. Single-molecule dissection and isolation based on AFM nanomanipulation / Yi Zhang, Bin Li, Minqian Li, and Jun Hu -- 5. Structural biology with cryo-AFMs and computational modeling / Daniel M. Czajkowsky, Lin Li, Jielin Sun, Jun Hu, and Zhifeng Shao -- 6. High-resolution imaging of biological molecules by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy / Kei Kobayashi and Hirofumi Yamada -- 7. Development of recognition imaging : from molecules to cells / Lilia Chtcheglova, Michael Leitner, Andreas Ebner, Hermann J. Gruber, and Peter Hinterdorfer -- 8. Development of high-speed AFM and its biological applications / Takayuki Uchihashi, Noriyuki Kodera, and Toshio Ando -- 9. Real-time AFMs combined with inverted optical microscopes for wet cell/tissue imaging / Shuichi Ito, Nobuaki Sakai, Akira Yagi, Yoshitsugu Uekusa, Koichi Karaki, Yuki Suzuki, and Kunio Takeyasu -- 10. Studying the cytoskeleton by atomic force microscopy / Clemens M. Franz -- 11. Determination of the architecture of multisubunit proteins using AFM imaging / J. Michael Edwardson and Andrew P. Stewart -- 12. Capturing membrane proteins at work / Yuki Suzuki and Kunio Takeyasu -- 13. Enzymes and DNA : molecular motors in action / Robert M. Henderson and Yuki Suzuki -- 14. Genome-folding mechanisms in the three domains of life revealed by AFM / Hugo Maruyama, Ryosuke L. Ohniwa, Eloise Prieto, James Hejna, and Kunio Takeyasu -- 15. Membrane dynamics : lipid-protein interactions studied by AFM / Hirohide Takahashi and Kunio Takeyasu -- 16. Nanosurgery and cytoskeletal mechanics of a single cell / Atsushi Ikai, Rehana Afrin, Shinichi Machida, Takahiro Watanabe Nakayama, and Masakazu Saito -- 17. Functional investigations on nuclear pores with atomic force microscopy / Anna Meyring, Ivan Liashkovich, Hans Oberleithner, and Victor Shahin -- 18. Mechanotransduction : probing its mechanisms at the nanoscale using the atomic force microscope / Kristina M. Haase, Dominique Tremblay, and Andrew E. Pelling.