This book discusses different challenges imposed to the globe following the COVID-19 pandemic. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected humans' individual lives, communities, and the world. It has not only affected human's lives but also environmental and natural systems. To better appreciate the pandemic's influence, multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches are needed. Also, lessons learned from facing the pandemic are reviewed to be used for combating the upcoming challenges in healthcare settings, mental and psychological health, education, natural resources, energy system, environment balance, economic stability, social relations, etc. .