Preface xv -- Acknowledgement xvii -- 1 Internet of Things: A Key to Unfasten Mundane Repetitive Tasks 1 Hemanta Kumar Palo and Limali Sahoo -- 1.1 Introduction 1 -- 1.2 The IoT Scenario 2 -- 1.3 The IoT Domains 3 -- 1.3.1 The IoT Policy Domain 3 -- 1.3.2 The IoT Software Domain 5 -- 1.3.2.1 IoT in Cloud Computing (CC) 5 -- 1.3.2.2 IoT in Edge Computing (EC) 6 -- 1.3.2.3 IoT in Fog Computing (FC) 10 -- 1.3.2.4 IoT in Telecommuting 11 -- 1.3.2.5 IoT in Data-Center 12 -- 1.3.2.6 Virtualization-Based IoT (VBIoT) 12 -- 1.4 Green Computing (GC) in IoT Framework 12 -- 1.5 Semantic IoT (SIoT) 13 -- 1.5.1 Standardization Using oneM2M 15 -- 1.5.2 Semantic Interoperability (SI) 18 -- 1.5.3 Semantic Interoperability (SI) 19 -- 1.5.4 Semantic IoT vs Machine Learning 20 -- 1.6 Conclusions 21 -- References 21 -- 2 Measures for Improving IoT Security 25 Richa Goel, Seema Sahai, Gurinder Singh and Saurav Lall -- 2.1 Introduction 25 -- 2.2 Perceiving IoT Security 26 -- 2.3 The IoT Safety Term 27 -- 2.4 Objectives 28 -- 2.4.1 Enhancing Personal Data Access in Public Repositories 28 -- 2.4.2 Develop and Sustain Ethicality 28 -- 2.4.3 Maximize the Power of IoT Access 29 -- 2.4.4 Understanding Importance of Firewalls 29 -- 2.5 Research Methodology 30 -- 2.6 Security Challenges 31 -- 2.6.1 Challenge of Data Management 32 -- 2.7 Securing IoT 33 -- 2.7.1 Ensure User Authentication 33 -- 2.7.2 Increase User Autonomy 33 -- 2.7.3 Use of Firewalls 34 -- 2.7.4 Firewall Features 35 -- 2.7.5 Mode of Camouflage 35 -- 2.7.6 Protection of Data 35 -- 2.7.7 Integrity in Service 36 -- 2.7.8 Sensing of Infringement 36 -- 2.8 Monitoring of Firewalls and Good Management 36 -- 2.8.1 Surveillance 36 -- 2.8.2 Forensics 37 -- 2.8.3 Secure Firewalls for Private 37 -- 2.8.4 Business Firewalls for Personal 37 -- 2.8.5 IoT Security Weaknesses 37 -- 2.9 Conclusion 37 -- References 38 -- 3 An Efficient Fog-Based Model for Secured Data Communication 41 V. Lakshman Narayana and R. S. M. Lakshmi Patibandla -- 3.1 Introduction 41 -- 3.1.1 Fog Computing Model 42 -- 3.1.2 Correspondence in IoT Devices 43 -- 3.2 Attacks in IoT 45 -- 3.2.1 Botnets 45 -- 3.2.2 Man-In-The-Middle Concept 45 -- 3.2.3 Data and Misrepresentation 46 -- 3.2.4 Social Engineering 46 -- 3.2.5 Denial of Service 46 -- 3.2.6 Concerns 47 -- 3.3 Literature Survey 48 -- 3.4 Proposed Model for Attack Identification Using Fog Computing 49 -- 3.5 Performance Analysis 52 -- 3.6 Conclusion 54 -- References 54 -- 4 An Expert System to Implement Symptom Analysis in Healthcare 57 Subhasish Mohapatra and Kunal Anand -- 4.1 Introduction 57 -- 4.2 Related Work 59 -- 4.3 Proposed Model Description and Flow Chart 60 -- 4.3.1 Flowchart of the Model 60 -- 4.3.1.1 Value of Symptoms 60 -- 4.3.1.2 User Interaction Web Module 60 -- 4.3.1.3 Knowledge-Base 60 -- 4.3.1.4 Convolution Neural Network 60 -- 4.3.1.5 CNN-Fuzzy Inference Engine 61 -- 4.4 UML Analysis of Expert Model 62 -- 4.4.1 Expert Module Activity Diagram 63 -- 4.4.2 Ontology Class Collaboration Diagram 65 -- 4.5 Ontology Model of Expert Systems 66 -- 4.6 Conclusion and Future Scope 67 -- References 68 -- 5 An IoT-Based Gadget for Visually Impaired People 71 Prakash, N., Udayakumar, E., Kumareshan, N., Srihari, K. and Sachi Nandan Mohanty -- 5.1 Introduction 71 -- 5.2 Related Work 73 -- 5.3 System Design 74 -- 5.4 Results and Discussion 82 -- 5.5 Conclusion 84 -- 5.6 Future Work 84 -- References 84 -- 6 IoT Protocol for Inferno Calamity in Public Transport 87 Ravi Babu Devareddi, R. Shiva Shankar and Gadiraju Mahesh -- 6.1 Introduction 87 -- 6.2 Literature Survey 89 -- 6.3 Methodology 94 -- 6.3.1 IoT Message Exchange With Cloud MQTT Broker Based on MQTT Protocol 98 -- 6.3.2 Hardware Requirement 98 -- 6.4 Implementation 103 -- 6.4.1 Interfacing Diagram 105 -- 6.5 Results 106 -- 6.6 Conclusion and Future Work 108 -- References 109 -- 7 Traffic Prediction Using Machine Learning and IoT 111 Daksh Pratap Singh and Dolly Sharma -- 7.1 Introduction 111 -- 7.1.1 Real Time Traffic 111 -- 7.1.2 Traffic Simulation 112 -- 7.2 Literature Review 112 -- 7.3 Methodology 113 -- 7.4 Architecture 116 -- 7.4.1 API Architecture 117 -- 7.4.2 File Structure 117 -- 7.4.3 Simulator Architecture 118 -- 7.4.4 Workflow in Application 122 -- 7.4.5 Workflow of Google APIs in the Application 122 -- 7.5 Results 122 -- 7.5.1 Traffic Scenario 122 -- 7.5.1.1 Low Traffic 124 -- 7.5.1.2 Moderate Traffic 124 -- 7.5.1.3 High Traffic 125 -- 7.5.2 Speed Viewer 125 -- 7.5.3 Traffic Simulator 126 -- 7.5.3.1 1st View 126 -- 7.5.3.2 2nd View 128 -- 7.5.3.3 3rd View 128 -- 7.6 Conclusion and Future Scope 128 -- References 129 -- 8 Application of Machine Learning in Precision Agriculture 131 Ravi Sharma and Nonita Sharma -- 8.1 Introduction 131 -- 8.2 Machine Learning 132 -- 8.2.1 Supervised Learning 133 -- 8.2.2 Unsupervised Learning 133 -- 8.2.3 Reinforcement Learning 134 -- 8.3 Agriculture 134 -- 8.4 ML Techniques Used in Agriculture 135 -- 8.4.1 Soil Mapping 135 -- 8.4.2 Seed Selection 140 -- 8.4.3 Irrigation/Water Management 141 -- 8.4.4 Crop Quality 143 -- 8.4.5 Disease Detection 144 -- 8.4.6 Weed Detection 145 -- 8.4.7 Yield Prediction 147 -- 8.5 Conclusion 148 -- References 149 -- 9 An IoT-Based Multi Access Control and Surveillance for Home Security 153 Yogeshwaran, K., Ramesh, C., Udayakumar, E., Srihari, K. and Sachi Nandan Mohanty -- 9.1 Introduction 153 -- 9.2 Related Work 155 -- 9.3 Hardware Description 156 -- 9.3.1 Float Sensor 158 -- 9.3.2 Map Matching 158 -- 9.3.3 USART Cable 159 -- 9.4 Software Design 161 -- 9.5 Conclusion 162 -- References 162 -- 10 Application of IoT in Industry 4.0 for Predictive Analytics 165 Ahin Banerjee, Debanshee Datta and Sanjay K. Gupta -- 10.1 Introduction 165 -- 10.2 Past Literary Works 168 -- 10.2.1 Maintenance-Based Monitoring 168 -- 10.2.2 Data Driven Approach to RUL Finding in Industry 169 -- 10.2.3 Philosophy of Industrial-IoT Systems and its Advantages in Different Domain 173 -- 10.3 Methodology and Results 176 -- 10.4 Conclusion 179 -- References 180 -- 11 IoT and Its Role in Performance Enhancement in Business Organizations 183 Seema Sahai, Richa Goel, Parul Bajaj and Gurinder Singh -- 11.1 Introduction 183 -- 11.1.1 Scientific Issues in IoT 184 -- 11.1.2 IoT in Organizations 185 -- 11.1.3 Technology and Business 187 -- 11.1.4 Rewards of Technology in Business 187 -- 11.1.5 Shortcomings of Technology in Business 188 -- 11.1.6 Effect of IoT on Work and Organization 188 -- 11.2 Technology and Productivity 190 -- 11.3 Technology and Future of Human Work 193 -- 11.4 Technology and Employment 194 -- 11.5 Conclusion 195 -- References 195 -- 12 An Analysis of Cloud Computing Based on Internet of Things 197 Farhana Ajaz, Mohd Naseem, Ghulfam Ahamad, Sparsh Sharma and Ehtesham Abbasi -- 12.1 Introduction 197 -- 12.1.1 Generic Architecture 199 -- 12.2 Challenges in IoT 202 -- 12.3 Technologies Used in IoT 203 -- 12.4 Cloud Computing 203 -- 12.4.1 Service Models of Cloud Computing 204 -- 12.5 Cloud Computing Characteristics 205 -- 12.6 Applications of Cloud Computing 206 -- 12.7 Cloud IoT 207 -- 12.8 Necessity for Fusing IoT and Cloud Computing 207 -- 12.9 Cloud-Based IoT Architecture 208 -- 12.10 Applications of Cloud-Based IoT 208 -- 12.11 Conclusion 209 -- References 209 -- 13 Importance of Fog Computing in Emerging Technologies-IoT 211 Aarti Sahitya -- 13.1 Introduction 211 -- 13.2 IoT Core 212 -- 13.3 Need of Fog Computing 227 -- References 230 -- 14 Convergence of Big Data and Cloud Computing Environment 233 Ranjan Ganguli -- 14.1 Introduction 233 -- 14.2 Big Data: Historical View 234 -- 14.2.1 Big Data: Definition 235 -- 14.2.2 Big Data Classification 236 -- 14.2.3 Big Data Analytics 236 -- 14.3 Big Data Challenges 237 -- 14.4 The Architecture 238 -- 14.4.1 Storage or Collection System 240 -- 14.4.2 Data Care 240 -- 14.4.3 Analysis 240 -- 14.5 Cloud Computing: History in a Nutshell 241 -- 14.5.1 View on Cloud Computing and Big Data 241 -- 14.6 Insight of Big Data and Cloud Computing 241 -- 14.6.1 Cloud-Based Services 242 -- 14.6.2 At a Glance: Cloud Services 244 -- 14.7 Cloud Framework 245 -- 14.7.1 Hadoop 245 -- 14.7.2 Cassandra 246 -- 14.7.2.1 Features of Cassandra 246 -- 14.7.3 Voldemort 247 -- 14.7.3.1 A Comparison With Relational Databases and Benefits 247 -- 14.8 Conclusions 248 -- 14.9 Future Perspective 248 -- References 248 -- 15 Data Analytics Framework Based on Cloud Environment 251 K. Kanagaraj and S.

Geetha -- 15.1 Introduction 251 -- 15.2 Focus Areas of the Chapter 252 -- 15.3 Cloud Computing 252 -- 15.3.1 Cloud Service Models 253 -- 15.3.1.1 Software as a Service (SaaS) 253 -- 15.3.1.2 Platform as a Service (PaaS) 254 -- 15.3.1.3 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) 255 -- 15.3.1.4 Desktop as a Service (DaaS) 256 -- 15.3.1.5 Analytics as a Service (AaaS) 257 -- 15.3.1.6 Artificial Intelligence as a Service (AIaaS) 258 -- 15.3.2 Cloud Deployment Models 259 -- 15.3.3 Virtualization of Resources 260 -- 15.3.4 Cloud Data Centers 261 -- 15.4 Data Analytics 263 -- 15 ...