1. Introduction / Bin Wang -- 2. Fundamental aspects of RNA / Christian Zwieb -- 3. Computational methods for RNA structure prediction and analysis / David Dufour, Emidio Capriotti, and Marc A. Marti-Renom -- 4. Computational modeling for RNA structure discovery and characterization / Brian J. Parker and Thomas Preiss -- 5. Traditional approaches to RNA structure analysis / Jacek Wower -- 6. RNA structure : probing biochemical analyses / Subash C.B. Gopinath -- 7. RNA structural analysis based on thermal denaturation / Carla A. Theimer, Nakesha L. Smith, and Khadijah Onanuga-Islam -- 8. Probing the structural basis of retroviral RNA functions via NMR spectroscopy / Blanton S. Tolbert, Carrie Rollins, Jeffrey D. Levengood, Le Luo, and Prashant Rajan -- 9. Probing the folding and structural dynamics in RNAs by single-molecule approaches / Guangtao Song and Maumita Mandal -- 10. Application of single-molecule fluorescence in RNA biology / Pan T.X. Li and Lori Goldner -- 11. Rational design of RNA nanoparticles and nanoarrays / Arkadiusz Chworos -- 12. Tailor-made RNAs : from self-folding RNAs to ribonucleoproteins / Kazuo Harada -- 13. Small RNA-mediated transcriptional modulation / Thomas C. Roberts and Matthew J.A. Wood -- 14. Small RNA molecules in antiviral therapy / Ye Qju, Xin Ye, Maged Hemida, Mary Zhang, Paul Hanson, and Decheng Yang -- 15. Cell specificity of siRNA as a key for therapeutic applications / Tobias G. Poehlmann, Juliane Reiche, Mirko Ludwig, and Rolf Guenther -- 16. Targeting alternative splicing in human genetic disease / Michael R. Ladomery -- 17. Messenger RNA metal sensing : iron-responsive element (IRE)-mRNA is a metal-sensitive riboregulator / Mateen A. Khan -- 18. RNA information gene diseases : nano-RNA-based medical devices with corporate chemotherapy and gene therapy / Yoichi Robertus Fujii.