1. Synthesis of rare earth nanomaterials / Chun-Hua Yan, Chao Zhang, and Ling-Dong Sun -- 2. Structural control and surface modifications of rare earth nanomaterials / Gautom Kumar Das and Timothy T.Y. Tan -- 3. Rare earth nanomaterials in fluorescence microscopy / Muthu Kumara Gnanasammandhan and Yong Zhang -- 4. Rare earth nanomaterials in magnetic resonance imaging / S. Roux ... [et al.] -- 5. Rare earth nanomaterials in integrated modalities imaging / Y. Zhang and Timothy T.Y. Tan -- 6. Rare earth nanophosphors in light-emitting diodes / Chin Yun Tee ... [et al.].