1. Introduction / Roberto Manduchi and Sri Kurniawan -- 2. Vision and vision rehabilitation / August Colenbrander -- 3. Orientation and mobility / William H. Jacobson -- 4. Low vision : types of vision loss and common effects on activities of daily life / Duane Geruschat and Gislin Dagnelie -- 5. Accessible global positioning systems / Mike May and Kim Casey -- 6. Development, evaluation, and lessons learned : a case study of Talking Signs remote infrared audible signage / Bill Crandall and James Marston -- 7. Evaluating the effectiveness of assistive travel and wayfinding devices for persons who are blind or visually impaired / James Marston and Billie Louise (Beezy) Bentzen -- 8. Sensory substitution of vision : importance of perceptual and cognitive processing / Jack M. Loomis, Roberta L. Klatzky, and Nicholas A. Giudice -- 9. Tactile reading : tactile understanding / Yvonne Eriksson -- 10. Camera-based access to visual information / James Coughlan and Roberto Manduchi -- 11. Screenreaders, magnifiers, and other ways of using computers / Alasdair King -- 12. Tools for improving web accessibility for blind persons / Sri Kurniawan -- 13. Accessible DAISY multimedia : making reading easier for all / George Kerscher, Varju Luceno, and Lynn Leith -- 14. Math and the blind / Arthur I. Karshmer, Yonatan G. Breiter, and Cristian Bernareggi -- 15. Video games for users with visual impairments / Eelke Folmer -- 16. Descriptive video services / Claude Chapdelaine -- 17. Employment, technology, and blind people : a personal perspective / Mike Cole.