Frontmatter -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- I Introduction -- Introduction: The expression of phasal polarity in African -- languages -- Phasal polarity - warnings from earlier research -- II Phasal polarity expressions in African -- languages -- The phasal polarity marker -(a)kona in Manda and its -- history -- Phasal Polarity in Ruuli (Bantu, JE.103) -- Phasal polarity in Lingala and Sango -- Phasal polarity in Nyakyusa (Bantu, M31) -- The expression of phasal polarity in Cuwabo (Bantu P34, -- Mozambique) -- Phasal polarity in Isu - and beyond -- Phasal polarity in Ŋgə̂mbà -- Phasal polarity expressions in Fula varieties of northern -- Cameroon -- Phasal polarity expressions in Bambara (Mande): Pragmatic -- distinctions and semantics -- What about phasal polarity expressions in Hausa - Are there -- any? -- The expression of phasal polarity in Kambaata -- (Cushitic) -- Phasal Polarity in Amazigh varieties -- Phasal polarity expressions in Ometo languages -- (Ethiopia) -- Phasal polarity in Khwe and Ts'ixa (Kalahari Khoe) -- Phasal polarity in Barabaiga and Gisamjanga Datooga -- (Nilotic): Interactions with tense, aspect, and participant -- expectation -- III Grammaticalization processes and historical -- developments of phasal polarity expressions in African -- languages -- NOT YET expressions as a lexico-grammatical category in -- Bantu languages -- The historical relation between clause-final negation -- markers and phasal polarity expressions in Sub-Saharan Africa -- From phasal polarity expression to aspectual marker: -- Grammaticalization of already in Asian and African varieties of -- English -- Index