Frontmatter -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction -- Part A: New Englishes and the Structure of NPs -- 2. New Varieties of English -- 3. Modelling language change in New Englishes -- 4. Kenyan and Singaporean English -- 5. The English NP - structure and variation -- Part B: NPs in Kenyan English and Singaporean English -- 6. Methodology, corpus handling and statistics -- 7. Studying NP modification in Singaporean English and Kenyan English -- 8. Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Appendix A -- Appendix B